Effects of Entire les Murs On Traditional French National Identity Essay

Effects of Entire les Murs On Traditional French National Identity - Essay Example This report stresses that someone who views this film for the first time may be obliged to have a negative attitude towards French culture due the fact that pupils are a force to learn it at schools. The fact that this teacher enjoys French does not mean that everybody will like it and failure to understand that will cause someone who might have been willing to learn the French culture to have second thoughts about it. If a certain pupil does not understand this language, then definitely he/she will assume that their culture is not that pleasing as well hence dislikes it. This paper makes a conclusion that the Entre les murs is a good representation of the French education system that has its guiding rules from the western ideas. However, these ideas have caused problems by affecting other cultural groups without taking into consideration their rights. Although public education is free in France and it has been every citizen's right to access it, the way it is made available violates other people's culture and rights. This is because the education system is public centralized and incorporates compulsory French language classes that are not liked by many. This film widely focuses on ethnicity and the failure of the French education system to incorporate other people's ethnicity into their system. If that were not possible, then the education system would try to avoid making the French culture compulsory to foreign students who were interested in learning in France.

Environmental Impacts Essay Example for Free

Environmental Impacts Essay There is a large gap between developed and developing countries in terms of the attention given to environmental concerns. As a general rule, developing nations place the environment low on their list of priorities. Managing the ecosystem takes a back seat to economic advancement and industrialization, which are seen as more pressing needs. On the other hand, developed nations generally take a more proactive role in environment management because they have the budget and the technology to do so. They have also recognized that further economic development can no longer do without sustainable environmental practices (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001). Stemming from this basic difference of priorities is the great disparity between the environment’s impacts on the health of people living in the First World and those living in the Third World. However, it is simplistic to assume that the former are invariably healthier than the latter. While it is true that developing nations use less environmentally-friendly practices, the sheer level of industrialization and commercialization in developed countries sometimes means that these countries produce far more pollution and thus create more health problems for their citizens. A comprehensive assessment of the interaction between human health and the natural environment is not possible given the length of this paper. Nevertheless, this essay will explore some differences between First and Third World nations with regards to two selected major public health issues, namely, air pollution and water pollution. Air Pollution Palo and Solberg (1999) have identified carbon dioxide as the most abundant greenhouse gas produced today, and they cite it as the most critical contributor to global warming, a phenomenon that poses a grave threat to human health and security. Confalioneri et al. (2007) detailed the exact nature of this threat in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Fourth Assessment Report. Global warming first affects humanity by changing weather patterns. Extreme temperature swings, irregular precipitation, rising sea levels, more powerful storms, droughts and heatwaves have all become more common as a direct result of global warming. These phenomena in turn negatively affect the quality and quantity of food, water and air available to human populations. These phenomena inflict a great amount of damage on human settlements and infrastructure as well. The worldwide spikes in malnutrition, infectious diseases, and deaths from extreme weather events are all directly proportional to the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The IPCC also warned that developing societies were at the greatest risk to these environmental pressures. Among these developing nations, Douglas et al. (2001) cited coral reef atolls and reef islands as the most prone because their rates of land loss are dramatically impacted on by incremental rises in sea level. They cited the rapidly disappearing land of the Maldives, the Marshall Islands, and some low-lying Japanese islands as some of the most alarming manifestations of global warming. They added that rise in sea levels has led not only to escalating land loss, but also to the contamination of underground water sources in nations such as Israel, Thailand and island states in the Pacific and the Caribbean. The combined loss of arable land and potable water caused by global warming does not only lead to malnutrition and disease but also to social pressures such as overcrowding in cities, which increase the strain on the human population’s health. In addition, developing countries lack the infrastructure to protect their populations from the increasingly negative repercussions of climate change. In nations such as India, Bangladesh and Burma, relief efforts for victims of increasingly destructive storms are routinely slowed down by the insufficient facilities, resources and personnel. However, it should be noted that developed countries are not immune to these calamities. The unprecedented destruction wrought by Hurricane Katrina on a major U. S. city serves as a grim reminder of the vulnerability of First World nations to extreme weather events. Cooper and Block (2007) are only two of many Americans who have accused the United States’ Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) of being prepared for natural disasters â€Å"on paper,† only to be caught flat-footed when Hurricane Katrina struck the city of New Orleans on August 29, 2005. Cooper and Block also blame FEMA’s ineptitude for the unsanitary living conditions thousands of survivors had to endure for several weeks after the disaster. To this day, New Orleans has not fully recovered from the hurricane. Carbon dioxide emissions are not the only major source of air pollution. Other chemicals such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) also pose significant health problems. As Tang (2004) has underlined, these primary pollutants are doubly hazardous because they can react photochemically to create secondary pollutants, and these secondary pollutants can also undergo further chemical reactions which result in even deadlier substances. This type of air pollution is one of the most critical problems in China today, especially in the capital of Beijing. As one of the most rapidly developing countries in the world, China has seen an enormous surge in demand for fossil fuels to feed its factories and the motorized transport of its citizens. In addition, China has much lower emissions standards for its automobiles compared to other countries, leading to more pollution produced per vehicle. Tang cited Song et al. (2003), who noted the sharp increase in respiratory diseases among Chinese living in urban areas, as well as many residents’ complaints about the chronic lack of visibility in Beijing. Once again, these health problems are not limited to developing countries. In fact, this type of air pollution is acutely felt in megacities such as Los Angeles and London, where air quality is severely compromised by the millions of automobiles and the factories located in and around the city limits. However, developed countries are taking definite steps to decrease the pollution, with one notable exception. As Al Gore observed in the documentary An Inconvenient Truth (2006), the United States lags far behind its European counterparts when it comes to enforcing more environmentally friendly emissions standards for its automobiles. The discrepancy has reached the point where some American vehicles can no longer be sold in European countries because they no longer meet government environment safety standards.

Julius Caesar Analysis :: essays papers

Julius Caesar Analysis Aristotle was perhaps the pioneer of modern day dramas, more specifically dramatic tragedies. He first defined what a tragedy is: A drama which contained hubris, pathos and/or bathos, and the most valued element in a tragedy, a tragic hero. This was usually the main character who is noble in his deeds, yet has one flaw which causes him to fall. The tragic works of Shakespeare were no exception. In the drama, Julius Caesar the reader can clearly see many of the principles of a tragedy. That is all except for the tragic hero. Ideas as to who is the tragic hero range from Cassius to Julius Caesar himself. The trouble is all characters have material to prove and disprove them. However the hypothesis that Marcus Brutus is the tragic hero is incorrect. One element to a tragic hero is the hero has only one tragic flaw, and Brutus clearly has more than one flaw in his character. The first flaws in Brutus character is his naivete and the assumptions he makes about other characters. Through out the entire story these two flaws are reflected in many of his decisions and actions. A specific example is his view on the Roman populace. Thinking all Romans are honorable and noble it is not only incorrect, but it plagues him until the very end of the play. One instance occurred as the conspirators were meeting. Brutus stated, Lets kill him boldly, but not wrathfully...... This shall make our purpose necessary and not envious.... (Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, 2.1. 172 & 177-178). He honestly believed that all involved were going to kill Caesar for honorable reasons. Not once did he question the motives of everyone, where, in reality Brutus probably was the only involved for noble reasons. Brutus undoubtedly convinces the reader of his own naivete when he states, ... let us bathe our hands in Caesars blood... Lets all cry ^Peace, freedom, and liberty!! (3.1. 106 & 110) Just by his enthusiasm, Brutus is not aware of any other motives. He simply believes that , Peace, freedom, and liberty are the only motives. Another example was during his speech at Caesars funeral. ... not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more (3.2. 18-20). Addressing the nobility of his actions and his love for Rome, Brutus surmises that the people understand him because of their equal love for their country. This assumption is evident because he uses it as the sole reason for killing Caesar. A reason that Brutus believes the people agree with, otherwise he would not use it to rationalize such a

Early Cells Essay

1 Hypothesis If you soak an egg in vinegar, then the shell will deteriorate and loose centimeters off of it’s circumference. Data and Observations Time (hrs) Observations Circumference (cm) 0 1. The egg is whole, and has not lost color. 2. The egg was immediately surrounded by bubbles. 3. 14 cm 4. 24 1. The egg appears to have a little bit of color missing. 2. The egg remains firm. 3. 15.5cm 4. 48 1. The eggs shell is beginning to disappear. 2. The shell of the egg is cracking all around. 3. 16 and  ¼cm 4. 72 1. The shell is completely gone, leaving a thin membrane that surrounds the yolk. 2. The egg itself looks flimsy and appears transparent. 3. 17cm Conclusion: Be sure to answer the following reflection questions in the conclusion of your lab report: 1. How much did the egg change in size? (answer should be in centimeter) The egg’s size changed by 3 centimeters. 2. Was your hypothesis correct? Why or why not? My hypothesis proved to be correct because the egg’s shell did, in fact, deteriorate. 3. Evaluate the lab and data collected. What type of transport occurred in this lab? Explain your answer, including evidence from your experiment to  support your explanation. The type of transport that took place in this lab was active. I believe this is true because the particles moved from an area of higher concentration (vinegar), to an area of lower concentration (the egg). 4. Consider how lettuce or spinach placed in water becomes firm and crisp. Use what you have learned about cell membranes to explain this observation. Lettuce and spinach become firm and crisp when placed in water because the cells absorb the water, and in turn makes the lettuce/spinach bloated with water. 5. If you were to continue this experiment by removing the egg from the water and covering it in syrup, what do you think would happen. Explain your prediction. (If you choose to test your prediction, be sure to allow at least 24 hours before making your observations. And, of course, handle the egg very carefully!) If I were to put the same egg in a syrup solution, I believe the thin membrane that remained would break because passive transport would take place.

The Development of Different British Education Systems

Britain has a long history and rich civilization, in this context, the UK has been really focussed on instruction, and instruction as a cultural heritage, impact on society, to advance economic industry. Britain ‘s first instruction degree, has a good repute, but besides attracted many abroad pupils. ( Johnes, 2004 ) The development of instruction non merely assist the UK to acquire a good international repute, cultivate a big figure of hi-tech endowment, but besides has gained immense net incomes in the instruction industry for the United Kingdom. This article has an overview of the British instruction system elaborate, every bit good as several different instruction systems in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Then, this paper will analyze the British educational impact on society, particularly on societal economic, in order to calculate out the importance and significance of developing instruction for a state.2.0 IntroductionThe quality of people determines the quality of the state, which influences the national development and societal advancement. Therefore, to better the overall quality of people should be smartly develop instruction, and instruction is the pressing demand for a state ‘s industrialisation and modernisation, and is a necessary demand to better the modern national instruction system, but besides an of import manner to advance societal employment. There is a long history in different British instruction system. Peoples think instruction investing is the best manner to better the economic accomplishments. ( Moore, 2004 ) . In the fifth and 6th centuries, the first school was built by the church which had adequate power ( Oakland, 2006 ) . In England and Wales, the first clip to set up a incorporate national simple school system was in 1870, in 1872 for Scotland and in 1923 for Northern Ireland. The Labour authorities established a countrywide school in 1976. ( Oakland, 2006 ) Britain had a hit-or-miss school construction in the 19th century. ( Oakland.2006 ) When the British instruction system began to flawlessness, the British economic system besides began to stronger at the same clip. This study will overview the development of the different instruction systems in UK and it will analyse its good effects concentrating on the economic system, because the success of the instruction system will profit the economic system of the state.3.0 The development of different instruction system in UK since 1940s3.1 Introduction of the instruction system in UKBritain is a state with a long tradition of instruction. Its instruction system is rather perfect and complex after several old ages ‘ development, and has a really big flexibleness. The purpose of the 1944 prepares to set up simple and in-between school instruction. There is a party-political battleground in instruction in 1950s. â€Å" Labour authoritiess from 1964 were committed to get rid ofing the eleven-plus, choice and the secondary school divisions. † The Labour authorities prepares to set up comprehensive national schools in 1976. ( Oakland, 2006 ) Overall, it is in three phases: Compulsory Education, farther instruction and Higher Education. Students in British receive compulsory instruction from the age of four, all free to bask the national public assistance, schools even offer a free tiffin, and all parents must set their kids to school. General primary instruction normally lasts until the age of 11, and so the childs will travel to middle school, which lasts for a sum of five old ages: from Form 1 to Form 5. ( Education Act of the UK, 1996 ) Further instruction is the most typical and most exciting portion in the UK instruction system ; it is the â€Å" third instruction † after the primary School and Secondary Education, which provides footing for entry into higher instruction or employment. Students having go oning instruction are between 16 and 18 old ages old in general. It is divided into two systems: academic path and vocational path. Academic path focuses on academic research endowment, and vocational mob is a combination of professional demands at all degrees of society, to develop forces with specialised accomplishments and cognition in a assortment of industries. The two systems are equal accent in the UK. Higher instruction is an advanced phase in the British instruction system, which includes Bachelor Degree, Master Degree, Doctoral Degree and HND-Higher National Diploma. Higher instruction is normally provided by University, but many Colleges besides offer Bachelor and HND classs. Undergraduate academic grade by and large takes three old ages in the UK, but some particular expertness in some universities requires four old ages ‘ clip or longer, such as medical specialty. Students get bachelor grade after graduating undergraduate, there are many sorts of unmarried man in England, and the followers are common types: BA-Bachelor of Art, BSc-Bachelor of Science, BEng-Bachelor of Engineering, and LLB — Bachelor of Laws. UK graduate student courses merely take one twelvemonth, and pupils chiefly write documents and do research in this twelvemonth.3.2 The different instruction systems in UKUnited Kingdom has four parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The four r egional instruction constructions and establishments is fundamentally the same type, but the Scots instruction system is rather different with the other parts in some respects, the chief difference is the different grade makings. In fact, there are three independent British legal instruction systems: The United Kingdom Ministry of instruction and instruction is responsible for all degrees of instruction in England, go oning instruction in Wales and university instruction throughout the whole Great Britain. In England, there are three sorts of school which are community, foundation and voluntary. ( Great Britain. Dept. of Education and Science. 1978 ) The Wales Ministry of instruction is responsible for primary instruction by the Welsh Secretary of State Education Office Management through the Welsh. In Wales, the instruction system is similar as England, but the different is kids in 11 old ages old in secondary schools, there are non choice. ( Great Britain. Dept. of Education and Science. 1978 ) Northern Ireland Department of Education in charge of primary instruction, go oning instruction and university instruction in the part. In Northern Ireland, the instruction system is the smallest than other three states. ( Great Britain. Dept. of Education and Science. 1978 ) The Ministr y of Education in Scotland is responsible for primary instruction, go oning instruction and non-university higher instruction. In Scotland, GTC ( General Teaching Council ) are better than any other three states. ( Great Britain. Dept. of Education and Science. 1978 ) England, Wales and Northern Ireland ‘s instruction system is slightly different from the instruction system in Scotland. For illustration, in the facet of secondary instruction, in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, the school focused on beef uping a figure of optional classs, while the Scots instruction are frequently more focussed on broadening the scope of topics.4.0 The current effects of instruction on societySocial impact of instruction is multifaceted, in the facet of cultural, it is the record of a state ‘s history, the societal imposts and moral constructs and values are transmitted to pupils by instruction, and play a guiding function in their growing procedure. Under the influence of public instruction, people have similar cultural backgrounds and universe positions, this cultural heritage and so will assist the state ‘s direction and development. Besides the map in instruction, civilization and communicating, the economic impact of instruction is reall y important. To better instruction is the most direct manner to assist economic system growing and more public outgo on instruction has great decadent on development of society ( West, 1970 ) . First, People expend the assorted fees for the instruction and society investing of the direct outgo in instruction, in order to advance the economic growing. ( Porter, 1990 ) In modern society, people have recognized that cognition is one of the best agencies to alter the destiny and the creative activity of wealth, so that each household is willing to put in their kids ‘s instruction. Education was identified as an investing, instead than an single ingestion in 1960. ( Moore, 2004 ) Outgo of big amounts of support for instruction has promoted instruction as an industry, except deriving the prosperity in the net incomes, the instruction sector has more money invested in the building of schools and instructors, doing instruction hold more quickly development. Second, instruction provides the labor forces with cognition for economic to better labour productiveness and advance the economic growing. Britain ‘s urbanisation, ( Peters, 2001 ) industrialisation and modernisation have entered into a more mature phase, economic development is no longer rely on a batch of labour, but pay attending to the cognition and accomplishments of workers. ( Stern, Bailey & A ; Merritt, 1996 ) Merely with the advanced engineerings and constructs, with scientific direction, with the spirit of invention, they can do the development of society more efficient and high-speed. Education is one of the most critical factors, which gives people a assortment of cognition, enabling them to better efficiency at work and create involvement. In this manner, instruction alterations the employment construction to advance the economic growing. Nowadays, to a big extent, economic competition between states has become a talent competition, and instruction is to supply th em with a different get downing line. Third, instruction improves the advancement of scientific discipline and engineering to advance the economic growing. By leaving proficient cognition, instruction system trains people with scientific production accomplishments, there are programs to bit by bit develop the potency of people in the business, which required so that the single entree to vocational cognition, accomplishments and self-learning ability, in order to advance persons in professional places improve labour productiveness. ( Coffield, 1995 ) In that manner, people can better the usage of new engineerings, new procedures, new equipment capacity, ensuing in increased technological invention and production invention. What ‘s more is that the instruction is an effectual manner to organize a sort of system to cut down the information transportation cost. That ‘s why Michael says ( 1999 ) that â€Å" instruction promotes the development of the society and the economic system † . Today, the cognition economic system has brought great challenges to our society, in assorted Fieldss where take the human capital and technological invention as competitory premiss, instruction as the chief organic structure of forces developing and the chief bearer of the cognition production and airing, will go basis of the development in assorted industries. ( Binsardi & A ; Ekwulugo, 2003 ) Since the 1980th, all the states have carried out reform of higher instruction, most of import of which is to be market-oriented, and take the higher instruction as an industry to run. The British has carried out educational market and educational denationalization. ( Teddlie & A ; Reynolds, 2000 ) The development of private higher instruction industry is the most of import step in all states, which funding for the development of private higher instruction in a batch of money from the populace, cut downing the state ‘s fiscal load ; mostly adhere to the school of academic freedom and liberty, advancing the healthy development of scientific discipline and civilization ; produced and developed group of domestic and international first-class universities ; warrant from a little figure of phases of higher instruction to the popular phase and even the popular success of the passage stage ; for the economic system, particularly for forces transport a big figure of SMEs ; to break mee t people ‘s higher educational demands of a assortment of services and so on. This series of consequences are the positive impact of current British instruction system on society, peculiarly the societal economic system. ( Ursula, Richard & A ; Iain 2002 )5.0 DecisionBritss have a good academic repute in the universe, trusted and widely recognized as a first degree. The British instruction system is known as complex but the universe ‘s most strict and flexible instruction systems. It has many outstanding characteristics: foremost, it is career-oriented, British universities are to the full cognizant of the intent of higher instruction is to direct pupils in employment, the class of survey steadfastly grasp the demands of the occupation market. British learning methods focal point on inquiring pupils to make many coursework and presentation. Assignment are more practical issue-oriented, which need hands-on, squad coaction and imaginativeness, you can give full drama to th e originative power of pupils, this sense of invention will be alteration to invention ability which can advance societal economic in the future work of pupils. And the instruction in the UK is ever followed by the tendency of the times, the instructor ever take the latest, most promising content to learn, which is easy to develop people with the latest scientific theories. With all these advantages, it ‘s easy to understand why the instruction in the UK has so much impact on the society, particularly back uping the development of the economic system. Merely as what Halsey ( 2003 ) stated that, â€Å" Throughout the twentieth century, the relationship between instruction and the economic system has invariably assumed of all time greater significance. † Through a strict instruction, the British have been influenced by cognition and cultivated the ability to work and invention. When they leave the campus and travel to work, the power of endowment makes the UK market is full of economic verve and creativeness. Powerful states and economic prosperity relies on endowments trained from instruction. ( 1950 words )

In praise of a snail’s pace by Ellen Goodman Essays

In praise of a snail’s pace by Ellen Goodman Essays In praise of a snail’s pace by Ellen Goodman Essay In praise of a snail’s pace by Ellen Goodman Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: In praise of a snail’s pace by Ellen Goodman The author says that some rituals cannot be done faster without destroying them. This is because people want to send them via technology. She says this method will not deliver the message with the required impact since it will sound plain. Another example is communication between a teenager and the parent. The parent fears that phones and email will underestimate the significance of her message. Goodman tries to show technology can make people lose attention of some important thing in life. The world seems to be so connected through technology but there is still a problem. People have been carried away by the convenience of technology and they seem to abuse it. Goodman gives an example of a lover who uses abbreviation to write a text message. She says he is too distracted even to write short words. She narrates how she used snail mail to send condolences and says people want to do this via email. This is unacceptable to her because it is not effective. The message will look simple, which is not the sender’s intention. Teenagers are trying to multi task when they do homework, send text messages and download music simultaneously. This is not possible yet they do it due to the effect of technology on them. Continuous partial attention is people’s way of multi tasking. It results to divided attention, which might make them ineffective. For instance, when the teenagers are involved in many activities along doing homework, they will do their homework inappropriately. According to traditional practices, people did one task at a time. Students also did their homework without any other distraction. The culture of multi tasking is instilling partial attention in people. They cannot pay full attention to one thing. This is why even lovers cannot have enough time to write a text message in correct grammar. The phrase sums up our era because many people have embraced having partial attention. This is why a person will opt to send a condolences note with email. He or she does not take time to think about the significance of the message. He or she does not realize it shows insensitivity to do such a thing. Traditional methods like sending mails via snail mail maintain the importance of certain actions like appreciation or expressing sympathy to the concerned people. Goodman is unhappy to realize that people are too busy and preoccupied to realize such important things. Continuous partial attention is a problem to the people. It might affect their effectiveness eventually. If a person cannot pay enough attention to one thing, efficiency will be reduced. For instance, students will do their homework wrongly if their attention is divided. Lovers who just send improper text messages may have relationship problems because they do not pay enough attention to it. People should learn to regulate their activities and take one task at a time. It is important to think about the positive and negative impact of technology in life. Technology plays a significant role in people’s life but they must control it influence on them. Goodman says she specifically takes a trip to the mailbox via road. She is aware of other faster means but she wants to have a moment when she is not hurrying. People in the world insist on using faster means of doing things because they are always in a hurry. Goodman intends to tell the people they cannot apply speed in everything. For instance, O’Keeffe says it is not possible to increase the growth of leeches in a garden. A grieving friend can never recover fast through the help of technology. Some things are naturally slow and no technology can make them increase their speed.

the Netherlands

As with most countries, the Netherlands began as a result of a crusade to escape religious constraints and in this case it happened to be Spain and the Catholic Church. The Protestants that left Spain coincided with the Protestant revolt against the Roman Catholic church. Riots were spreading everywhere. When King Philip sent troops to enforce the Catholic church, open riots were the result. In 1579, an alliance of all the northern towns and some southern towns was formed. This alliance was known as the Union of Utrecht. Two years later the Union proclaimed its independence from Spain. Sixty-seven years after the alliance Spain recognized the Dutch Republic as a sovereign nation. The territories that did not join the Union later became Belgium. The Netherlands has suffered many hardships with the results of war. During World War I the blockades prevented trade to continue which made the Netherlands economy very fragile. With the occupation by Germany during World War II, the Netherlands suffered a lot of destruction. The Netherlands has taken a very active role in the advancement of the CFSP (Common Foreign Security Policy). This country believes that it is one of the original members of the European Union and with that in mind the people take upon themselves a bit of responsibility (sort of la big brother attitude). The concerns and suggestions by the Netherlands for a Common Foreign and Security Policy are as follows: 1. The Commission should implement joint action to be carried out on the ground or closely bound up with first-pillar activities; 2. The Council and the Commission could designate special representatives to implement specific CFSP decisions, reporting to the Council on their assignments; 3. The Presidency, in cooperation with an expanded CFSP secretariat, or even the Commission and such special representatives, should give effect to decisions basically requiring representations to be made, positio...

American Flag Protocol on Memorial Day

American Flag Protocol on Memorial Day The American flag is flown at half-staff  anytime the nation is mourning. The proper protocol for flying the American Flag on Memorial Day slightly differs from other occasions when flags are flown at half-staff. On Memorial Day, flags are quickly raised to full-staff position and then slowly lowered to half-staff, where they remain from sunrise until noon to honor the dead servicemen and women of this country. At noon, the flags are raised quickly to full-staff in recognition of living military veterans who served the country. The flags remain at full staff until sunset. Whenever the flag is flown at half-staff, other flags (including state flags) should be removed or flown at half-staff as well. Protocol for Flags Mounted on Homes For flags that cannot be lowered, such as those mounted on homes, an acceptable alternative is to attach a black ribbon or streamer to the top of the flag pole, directly beneath the ornament at the end of the pole. The ribbon or streamer should be the same width as a stripe on the flag and the same length as the flag. If the flag is wall-mounted, attach three black bows along the top edge of the flag- one at each corner and one in the center. Other Occasions When Flags Fly at Half-Staff There are many other occasions when flags are flown at half-staff. No  one other than the president and state governors can order the flag to be flown at half-staff. Occasions include the following: Flags are flown at half-staff  at all U.S. federal buildings, grounds, territories, and Navy ships for 30 days when the current or a former president dies.They are flown at half-staff for 10 days following the death of the vice president, speaker of the House of Representatives, the chief justice or retired chief justice of the Supreme Court.Flags fly at half-staff until the burial of a former vice president, governor of a state, associate justice of the Supreme Court, or the Secretary of a military department.In the Washington, D.C. area, flags are flown at half-staff on the day of and the day following the death of a U.S. senator or representative.The president may order the flag to be flown at half-staff to recognize the death of a great American or non-American. Flags flew at half-staff in 2016 after the death of former first lady Nancy Reagan, in 2013 at the death of Nelson Mandela, in 2005 in recognition of the passing of Pope John Paul II, for King Hussein of Jordan in 1999, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin  in 1995, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in 1965, among many others. The president may order the flag to be flown at half-staff when a tragic event occurs in the U.S. or elsewhere, including for the victims of the July 2016 attack on police officers in Baton Rouge and for the victims of the August 2016 attack in Nice, France.  In addition to Memorial Day, the flag flies at half-staff on Patriot Day (September 11), Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day (December 7), and National Fallen Firefighters Memorial Service (Oct 9).

How the result in home football games reflect the final standing Statistics Project

How the result in home football games reflect the final standing. (Spanish La Liga) - Statistics Project Example Home advantage plays a imperative role for the team resulting in favorable results, and this advantage makes home teams to win several games as compared to the away teams especially when accounting for the diversity of teams (Zelterman, pp.124-189). Appropriate models such as the least square for individual teams are more accurate and precise. This method estimates the home ground advantages for every team together with its individual ratings. Home advantages for all teams in Spanish La Liga from 2002-2003 seasons to 2010-2011 seasons were recorded. The above dataset consist of 20,100 matches. The result indicates that the home ground advantage is not much predictable and varies from team to team across the year. For example, some teams had an adverse home advantage for some years while other performed well at home. However, the home advantage is estimated as 0.5 of the number of goals scored. The results indicated that there was no division effect. The outcomes of the underlying research also depicted that the advantage may work well on winning rather than on goal difference. The prevailing factors results in the generation of the home advantage theory have a tendency of determining the winning team over the winning margins. Clubs with special training facilities had a significant amount of home advantage, and the Madrid clubs had the home advantages. In home advantage, there exist a wide regional variation and amazingly, the research revealed that the crowd size had no direct impact on the magnitude of home advantage. The records for home advantages for top two divisions across Europe English, German, French and Italian leagues were all similar irrespective of the high attendance witnessed in division one games. Moreover, the home advantage is in the Spanish league was at 60.7% arrived at with attendance of 31009 on average. Conversely, the

International Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Financial Management - Essay Example To the common man trade is simply the exchange of goods and services between two individuals, groups, and organizations. When trade begins to happen across regional boundaries it is categorized as international trade. Modern day phenomenon such as advancement in technology and globalization have allowed for international trade to happen at a much faster rate over a much larger scale. For this trade to occur smoothly and in order to avoid confusion and chaos; regulation and systematic order are extremely important. For this reason regions join hands to make trade blocs and trade regions which not only allow for a more efficient process but help both the trader and the buyer. In this essay we will be discussing the role of two trading giants, Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries  (OPEC), and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA); both of whose introduction caused dramatic changes to the way modern age trade is conducted. Before moving forth it is essential to differentiate between a trade region and a trade bloc. A trade region is essentially an agreement based on regional boundaries. Member countries join such a region based on their geographical location and hence enjoy many trade privileges. An example of a trade region is NAFTA where North American countries come together to form member states. A trade bloc maybe a trade region but it is not necessary since members are made not on geographical proximity but based on ownership of common assets. An example of a trade bloc is OPEC where countries exporting petroleum have come together to ease trade. OPEC was established when five countries (Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela) signed a trade agreement in Baghdad in September 1960. These five countries were then known as the founding members for this organization and were in later years joined by many more countries. Gabon and

Lack of Funds Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lack of Funds - Research Paper Example The article emphasizes how limited funding affects public prison staffs in various ways. Their training is limited leading to a lack of morale and maturity among them. The low benefits and minimum supplies to manage such a huge group of criminals make them irritable and unfriendly towards the inmates. The Bureau of Justice Assistance conducted an elaborate study on the topic "Emerging Issues on Privatized Prisons". Corrections department isn’t the only one facing the minimal funding issue. The global economic stagnation has led to severe cost cuts for most of the state departments and the prisons are no exception. Both the private and the public prisons face similar issues according to the articles. The first article underlines the problems faced by the prison officers because of limited funding. Gary emphasizes how this forces the officers to manage with what little they have caused severe unease among the inmates. Gary indicates most of the prisoners have developed their lit igation skills in their idle time. They have very little to do other than indulge in dominance fights. Forcing too many prisoners in a small place and making them share limited resources take a toll on their already altered ego, paving way for many mental and physical issues. The prison officers, on the other hand, do not have any special training to handle such inmates with special needs. All over the world, the age of the prison inmates is increasing rapidly owing to the slow judicial process. There is no proper infrastructure to equip the needs of the elderly in the prisons. The actual training given to the prison officers is reduced to save costs leaving them with little or no knowledge on how to handle problematic prisoners.

Tort Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tort Reform - Essay Example The escalating cost of medical bill has been attributed to excessive litigation also; therefore, the bill aims at reducing litigation by promoting patient safety. Hence, â€Å"states that apply for a grant to work on patient safety issues, rather than on other dispute resolution techniques† (Jones, 2010). In the opinion of Barack Obama, the new tort reform would improve patient safety and medical liability terms. According to Thomas Gallagher, an official of University of Washington, the goal of the reform is to improve the culture of health care communication with the objective of mitigating medical malpractices and thereby increasing patient safety. He adds that the proposed changes would provide better communication training to health care workers. Similarly, the J. D. of New York State Unified Court System, Judy Kluger argues that the reform would protect the patients who get injuries by providers’ mistakes. Kluger also says that costs associated with medical malpra ctices can be minimized by the introduction of the proposed tort reform (Point of Law.com). The state of Texas successfully implemented the tort reform in 2003 in order to improve the efficacy of the patient- friendly ‘malpractice laws’ in 2003.

Education and poverty in america Research Paper

Education and poverty in america - Research Paper Example Something should be done! The link between poverty and education is inextricable where education is a medium that enables those people born into poverty to be able to rise and scale in society. To illustrate this, studies have shown that 46% of those Americans who were brought up in low income households but failed to earn college degrees did not make it past the low income quartile. This can be compared to 16% for those who managed to earn a college degree. (Arora, 2012) It is possible to see the link between poverty and education at all educational levels. Poorer Americans begin their pre-primary education at a disadvantaged state. For children whose parents earn under $15,000 annually, their pre-primary enrollment rates are about 20% lower than those whose parents earn over $50,000 a year. (Friedman, 2012) This has a much deeper impact since children who went to pre-school are 31% less likely to repeat a grade and also 32% less likely to even drop out of school. This pre-primary education is believed to reduce crime rates because studies show that children who attended pre-school are one-fifth less likely to become chronic criminal offenders. (Friedman, 2012) Even in cross-country exams, the educational disadvantage of poorer students is evident. In the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) examination, higher-income schools have a higher score than the lower-income schools. It was also apparent that the PISA scores by students from America were much more influenced by the backgrounds of their parents than in any other country. Students from richer homes perform significantly better than those from deprived backgrounds due to the quality of education they receive. Students from deprived backgrounds have fewer facilities, less qualified teachers and above all receive the least care. These among other factors come into play when the scores of various students are evaluated. It therefore does not come

Tort Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tort Reform - Essay Example The escalating cost of medical bill has been attributed to excessive litigation also; therefore, the bill aims at reducing litigation by promoting patient safety. Hence, â€Å"states that apply for a grant to work on patient safety issues, rather than on other dispute resolution techniques† (Jones, 2010). In the opinion of Barack Obama, the new tort reform would improve patient safety and medical liability terms. According to Thomas Gallagher, an official of University of Washington, the goal of the reform is to improve the culture of health care communication with the objective of mitigating medical malpractices and thereby increasing patient safety. He adds that the proposed changes would provide better communication training to health care workers. Similarly, the J. D. of New York State Unified Court System, Judy Kluger argues that the reform would protect the patients who get injuries by providers’ mistakes. Kluger also says that costs associated with medical malpra ctices can be minimized by the introduction of the proposed tort reform (Point of Law.com). The state of Texas successfully implemented the tort reform in 2003 in order to improve the efficacy of the patient- friendly ‘malpractice laws’ in 2003.

Place Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Place - Research Paper Example This report will examine the growth of Shenzhen, an industrial town in China with a great potential to rise above the different issues within the local systems. With the modern post-industrial societies, the impact that skills have in the society is high and thus the globalization of an area may occur at a faster rate due to the skills available. In the world today, the impact that skills have in everyday life is quite essential for human survival. The goal of the society is to nurture people and make sure that these skills are used appropriately for the right work. The various geographical regions that define the areas that people live have been redefined by globalization as people make use of the available space for their living quarters (Rosa, 2013). The people create different housing structures to ensure there is a room for anyone wishing to live in that particular area. Most affected by these changes are the laborers who have to look for daily wages for their upkeep. The goal is to enhance the role of the society in improving their attributes as they utilize their skills in meeting their daily goals. This is what people in Shenzhen have to live with in their growing city as people struggle to keep up with the increasing populations (Jacques, 2009). As Parenti notes regarding the area of Juarez, the people will look for various means of survival, even if it means endangering their lives by taping electricity from poles near their houses (2012). Most of the people live dangerously because any flooding will result into increased chances of electrocution, something that they have to look out for as a way of minimizing their chances of death. However, they have to survive because of the high living standards that are in place (Rosa, 2013). People now have to benefit from what they have rather than what the country possesses. The richer nations are taking advantage of the

When I Lost a Friend Essay Example for Free

When I Lost a Friend Essay Jason was the bravest fire-fighter I had ever worked with. He used to say that no matter how rich you are, no matter how strong you are, if you do not risk your life for others, you are not a man. Once, we were supposed to attend day-shift but our boss called Jason and myself and told us to work the night-shift instead. As we went in at seven o’clock in the evening, we made a cup of coffee and started checking the fire trucks. At around ten o’clock, the siren rang and we were informed that our assistance was required as there was a burning house. Six trucks, including two ladder trucks, emerged from the garages and we sped up the highway of North Carolina as fast as we could. As we arrived, a young man came rushing at us, panic-stricken, with tears in his eyes, telling us that his girlfriend was trapped in the flames.   Quickly Jason with the courage of a lion, fetched his breathing apparatus and an axe an in he went in the hungry flames of the devastating fire. We followed him in and as we were going up the stairs, he ordered us to go out again because everything was brittle and the structure of the house could no longer support four people. We went out again while he kept advancing in the towering flames. We kept radio contact with him and when he heard the crying and shouting of twenty-year old Christa, he quickly told us that he had found the girl. Half an hour later, Jason emerged from a door with the girl walking beside him and when the girl ran to her boyfriend he fell to the ground. We rushed to see what had happened but he was dead.   One of my friends, Jack, looked at the lung monitor. (This is a digital watch which measures the concentration of carbon dioxide against that of oxygen in the lungs). The ratio was scary. He had eighty-five percent carbon dioxide and fifteen per-cent oxygen in his lungs. This was the worst day of my life. Jason, my right hand man passed away while on duty saving a person’s life. As a show of respect we stuck a large sticker with his saying on his truck: â€Å"No matter how rich you are, no matter how strong you are, if you do not risk your life for others, you are not a man†.

Social Perspectives on Witch Hunting

Social Perspectives on Witch Hunting The Case that the witch-hunt was a woman-hunt is a strong one (Larner) discuss? The witch-hunts across Europe saw the mass slaughter of nine million women who were thought to be witches. These women were killed over a period of three hundred years, with the most concentrated killings in places such as Germany, Spain and Italy.[1] The story of witchcraft is primarily the story of women and this has caused much fascination and a certain elusiveness when approaching the subject.[2] The organised persecution of the witches began officially on December 9th 1484 when Pope Innocent VIII asked Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger to define witchcraft, isolate the modus operandi of the witches and to standardise the trial procedures and sentencing.[3] It was as a result that Kramer and Sprenger produced a text called â€Å"Malleus Maleficarum† which would become a hugely influential text in the events of witch persecution and in these gender-specific views of witchcraft. Due to the gender-specificity that surrounds the subject of witchcraft we are confronted with id eas about women, fears about women and the place of women in society during these times. Scholars such as Carol Kerslen, Lyndal Roper and Christina Larner gradually moved gender, and to some extent sexuality, to the centre of the analysis of witchcraft, which influenced interests in artists such as Baldung, for whom gender and sexuality were critical themes.[4]Many feminists jump to conclusions of gender-specific genocide due to what they believe was a woman-hating crime. However, it is important also to focus on the socio-economic context in which these trials took place in order to make a fair judgement on the gender-specificity that is so often associated with witchcraft. The Malleus Maleficarum is often the focus of many studies into witchcraft due to its important influence during the period. This demonological treatise was written by Kramer and Sprenger, it is often used as evidence by radical feminists of the misogyny among elites, who are seen as the driving force behind the top-down persecutions of witches.[5] The title of the work itself is female-specific, with the term maleficarum translating as women evil-doers. This feminine possessive in the Latin title shows it’s focus on the female gender, if the book were to have focused on both males and females then ‘maleficarum’ would have been replaced by ‘maleficorum’.[6] Throughout the text it is women who are specifically referred to, in the book men are most often described as accomplices rather than witches themselves. When asked why there is more harmful magic found in the female sex than in the male sex Kramer answered â€Å"because of the fleshly lust, which in [women] is never satisfied.†[7] It is clear that there was a gender-bias or a gender-specificity around the notions of witchcraft, and this dominated its surrounding ideology and the main literature upon the subject. The Malleus Maleficarum was of great influence during the period, it was high Catholic theology and working catholic jurisprudence.[8] The work had been issued for creation by the Pope himself and so held great importance. In the dark ages few people could read and books were hard to come by, the printing press has only been developed 34 years previously in 1850 Germany. This meant that literacy rates and the availability of prints for those in the lower sectors of society were not still readily available or improved at this point. However, the Malleus was printed in numerous editions and had been read by almost every judge in Europe, it appeared that the Malleus Maleficarum had more currency then the bible.[9] What made this piece of literature regarding the definitions of witchcraft so influential is the power and authority it held due to its lawful reinforcement. Anyone who challenged the Malleus Maleficarum, anyone who refuted its authority or questioned its credibility on any level was guilty of heresy, a capital crime.[10] The Malleus Maleficarum was probably the most influential piece written on witchcraft, it was the most widely spread, the most lawfully and religiously backed, but it was also extremely gender-specific towards women. This literary work helped to instil a stereotype of the witch, the stereotype being woman. The definition of woman, in common with the pornographic definition, is her carnality; the essence of her character, in common with the fairy-tale definition, is her malice and avarice.[11]In fact the stereotype of a witch in Christian Europe has always been that of a woman. For example, in twelfth-century Russia the authorities in one district became so anxious about the prevalence of witchcraft that they began to round up the entire female population.[12] Ideas of female evil-doers as suggested in the title of the Malleus Maleficarum stemmed back to the religious creation of the world. A women was believed to be more carnal than a man, this carnality originated from eve’s very own creation, she was formed from a bent rib, and also caused the fall of Eden.[13] As a result, women have suffered, forever being painted with the same religious brush of being a source of evil and carnality. A witch was seen as an independent adult women who does not conform to the male idea of proper female behaviour.[14] However, it was not just female sexuality that made them evil, but also female knowledge, many feminists claim that anything that made a women something other than helpless was perceived as threatening and labelled evil.[15] Perhaps a strong case for witch-hunting being parallel to women-hunting, is the idea that women were labelled witches, and could not prove themselves innocent by any means. This meant that women were doomed to persecution because of their gender and its gender-specific associated stereotypes. Women finds herself entirely defined by her sexuality. It was believed that sexuality makes women evil, therefore virginity/chastity is glorified in women as it is the opposite of sexuality.[16] However, it is ironic that while all witchcraft comes from carnal lust which is in women insatiable – this carnal lust, this desire for sex, is what populates the world. If all women are evil-doers, if Eve is the basis for all women stereotypes then why is it that women are the exclusive holders of bearing life? Other indicators that are described in the Malleus Maleficarum also guide us to the interpretation that women were inevitably doomed to persecution. A women’s virtue is seen to be silence, and yet in a witchcraft trial, if the women remains silence she is condemned for withholding her confession, yet it she confesses then she is condemning herself.[17] There is a similar paradox in the women’s ability to bear pain, if she breaks down through pain of torture and confesses she is condemned, however if she remains strong and recovers she is condemn also. Still further, if a women weeps under torture it is interpreted as a sign of her sins and so condemns her, yet if her eyes do not weep she is condemned for witchcraft.[18] This suggests that once put to trial for partaking in witchcraft the women is entirely at the mercy of the educated men who judge, torture and condemn her, almost without escape. Feminists take this inescapability as evidence of patriarchy exerting its control over women in order to curb the perceived threat to men’s dominance that is caused through women’s allegedly rapacious sexuality.[19] It is believed that as soon as a women transitions from ‘virgin’ to ‘sexual’, there is a potential for power over a man[20], and so she becomes a symbol of demonology, of relations with the devil. Radical feminists also suggest that society believed that all women threaten male hegemony with their exclusive power to give life; and so social order depends on women conforming to male ideals of female behaviour.[21] Threats to social order, threats of women’s sexuality are usually blamed for the persecutions of women during the witch-hunts in Europe. Most of the ideas put forward as to why women posed a threat to man, and why the witch-hunts could be seen as gender-specific are put forward by feminists. First wave feminists ( su ch as the American Suffragist Matilda Joslyn Gage) asserted that nine million people were executed as witches, with old women, wise women and the priestesses of anti-Christian cults being particular targets.[22] However, second wave feminists further in their ideas of the witch-hunts, painting them as a ‘gendercide’, a female targeted death hunt. They believed that witch-hunting was an egregious example, not just of patriarchal oppression, but also of genocide and it was in fact the deliberate killing of women.[23] This deliberate killing of women is made acceptable and almost encouraged by the Malleus Maleficarum due to its emphasis on the female gender and their witchcraft qualities. However, it is important to understand that women were not just persecuted, they also acted as the accusers. Women often accused other women of witchcraft and were often the ‘chief witnesses in the courts’.[24] This suggests that while witch-hunts were related to the female g ender, they were not gender-exclusive. Women could accuse other women, and men could be persecuted. Yet, feminists disregard this evidence that goes against that misogyny of witch-hunting. Instead they believe that this line of reasoning is based on a failure to recognise that a patriarchal structure divides women, and that their livelihood is dependent on the goodwill of men.[25] Therefore, women would accuse other women, not to satisfy themselves, but to protect the livelihood of conformist women against non-conformist women, they would also do so under the pressures of their husbands and fathers. This huge split in the ideology of witch-hunting and its gender relations is caused by the lack of concrete evidence to support either side. Facts and figures from the period, from all over Europe, are at best good estimates of the real numbers of those persecuted. Figures range from thousands to millions when talking about the amount that died from persecutions, and the gender ratios are no more accurate. However, in spite of this, the evidence provided is used in the debate of gender-specificity surrounding the witch-hunts and therefore must be looked at and discussed. Figures suggest that in areas at the centre of the witch-hunt, places such as Germany, France, Switzerland and Scotland, 80% of those persecuted were females, with figures reached an estimate of 95-100% in the areas on the periphery such as England and Russia.[26] The ratio of women to men burned is variously estimated at 20 to 1 for women and 100 to 1 for men.[27] Those men who were persecuted were often the family of convicted women witches, or were in positions of civil power with political ambitions that conflicted with those of the church or monarch.[28] In fact, witchcraft which is seen as the ultimate human evil was sex-specific in just the same proportion as sanctity which is seen as the ultimate human good was sex-specific to males during the ‘sanctity epidemic’ of the later Middle Ages.[29] Most works conclude that witches were scapegoats for hostilities and tensions that had little to do with sex or gender.[30] Radical feminist writings have had a significant influence on the perceptions of witchcraft outside academia, its emphasis on witches being gender-specific to women had become a strong stereotype when one thinks of the witch-hunts. However, academic historians are dismissive of such interpretations, criticising radical feminists for their assumptions that witch-hunting was ‘woman-hunting’, their over reliance on the Malleus, their unwillingness to engage with manuscript records or witch trials and their ahistorical use of the terms misogyny and patriarchy which downplays the historical specificity of early modern culture and society.[31] Christina Larner herself is reluctant to suggest that witch-hunting was gender-specific because of this academic dismissiveness. Instead she concludes that the witch-hunts were ‘sex-related not sex-specificâ⠂¬â„¢[32] , however she strongly backs the argument that witch-hunting was still in fact women-hunting because of this relation. This leaves the distinction between sex-related and sex-specific unclear, if both inevitably lead to the assumption that the hunt was still a hunt on women. This dismissiveness between historian and feminist is causing a problem when it comes to the clarity of sex relations between women and witchcraft. The antipathy many academic historians feel towards feminism in general and radical feminism in particular can be counterproductive as it discourages them from engaging with any helpful insights feminism has to offer into the gendering of witchcraft prosecutions, particularly in relation to the analysis of patriarchy.[33] Those few historians who have seriously addressed the question of women and witchcraft only briefly discuss misogyny of the period, but focus more on the social and economic reasons for the high percentage of women that were persecuted. Ho wever, most radical feminist interpretation of witch-hunting emerged in the context of feminist’s political activism outside academia, and were thus polemically and historically inaccurate.[34] There is a huge correlation between women and witchcraft persecutions, and this is to do with the age-old stereotypes of women evildoers that stem from eve. Women were more likely to be persecuted because they were more likely to believe to be witches, had men been acting in the same way it is very much doubtful that they would have been accused to be a witch to the same majority in comparison. Therefore the witch-hunts were women-hunts in the sense that women were targeted substantially more than men, whether they were accused other women or not, they were still the distinct majority of the witch-hunts. [1] Andrea Dworkin, Our Blood : Prophecies and Discourses on Sexual Politics, ( New York : G.P Putnam Sons, 1967). [2] Carol F. Karlsen, The Devil in the Shape of a Woman, (New York : W. W. Norton Company, 1987). [3] Andrea Dworkin, Our Blood. [4] Brian P. Levack, The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America, (Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013). [5] Ibid. [6] Sister Trinity, ‘Gynocide : The Holocaust of Women’, http://passtheflamingsword.wordpress.com/2013/01/31/gynocide-the-holocaust-of-women/ [7] Brian P. Levack, The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft. [8] Andrea Dworkin, Our Blood. [9] Andrea Dworkin, Woman Hating, (New York : Penguin Group, 1974). [10] Andrea Dworkin, Our Blood. [11] Andrea Dworkin, Woman Hating. [12] Darren Oldridge, The Witchcraft Reader, (London : Routledge, 2002). [13] Andrea Dworkin, Our Blood. [14] Darren Oldridge, The Witchcraft Reader. [15] Sister Trinity, ‘Gynocide : The Holocaust of Women’. [16] Ibid. [17] Sister Prudence Allen, The concept of Woman : The early humanist reformation 1250-1500, (Cambridge: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co, 2002), [18] Ibid. [19] Brian P. Levack, The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft. [20] Sister Trinity, ‘Gynocide : The Holocaust of Women. [21] Darren Oldridge, The Witchcraft Reader. [22] Brian P. Levack, The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft. [23] Ibid. [24] Darren Oldridge, The Witchcraft Reader. [25] Ibid. [26] Darren Oldridge, The Witchcraft Reader. [27] Andrea Dworkin, Our Blood. [28] Andrea Dworkin, Woman Hating. [29] Darren Oldridge, The Witchcraft Reader. [30] Carol F. Karlsen, The Devil in the Shape of a Woman. [31] Brian P. Levack, The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft. [32] Darren Oldridge, The Witchcraft Reader. [33] Brian P. Levack, The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft. [34] Brian P. Levack, The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft.

discovering individuality Essay -- essays research papers

A journey is something that must be done in everyone‘s life. The journey starts when the person is born and ends when they die. People are all searching for their own things. Some search for things like: money, power, fame, knowledge, peace, understanding, and a sense of who they are. Some people do just for the thrill of adventure. Siddhartha wants to find his individual place in society through personal experience and follow no one else’s ideas but his own. Siddhartha’s journey takes him through different worlds which are represented geographically through the three different parts of the story. In the first part of the book he travels through the world of the spirit and intellect during his time with the Brahmins, Samanas, and the meeting with the Buddha. He journeys through the land with his friend Govinda in search of peace through the intellect. He learns all about a religion and after experiencing all that it has to offer; feels unsatisfied and moves on to find something new in hopes of finding peace. His meeting with the Buddha is where he truly begins to find his way. When he was listening to the Buddha he realized, "...you have reached the highest goal which so many thousands of Brahmins and Brahmins’ sons are striving to reach. You have done so by your own seeking, in your own way, through thought, through meditation, through knowledge, through enlightenment. You have learned nothing through teachings, and so I think, O Illustrious One, that nobody finds salvation through teachings." (Siddhartha, Hermann Hesse 33-34). Siddhartha realizes that the Buddha found enlightenment in his own way, and so Siddhartha realizes that he too must find his own way to true peace. After departing from Govinda and the Buddha he crosses the river, which is the symbolic separator between the world of the intellect and the world of the physical, to see what a life in the city has to offer him. While there Siddhartha thoroughly indulges himself in all that the city has to offer. He becomes fat and wealthy and enjoys his time in the company of Kamala. Over the course of the twenty years he spent there he came to realize that the life of the senses brought him no closer to the peace that he had been seeking. Hesse shows that it is time for Siddhartha to move on through one of his favorite stylistic techniques, the dream (Understanding Hermann Hesse 102). After... ...nd Siddhartha ends up getting another teacher in spite of the fact that he promised himself that he would not have anymore teachers since the Buddha’s teachings had not attracted him. Part of what made Siddhartha such a good book was the fact that it was taken from personal experiences that Hermann Hesse had experienced, and his personal set of beliefs. Hesse went through a phase where he doubted the belief in religion in general and he follows no set code of religious beliefs. Hesse found a Christ in everyone and, is Siddhartha, he finds a Buddha in everyone (Understanding Hermann Hesse 101). He used this part of his life to write the first part of Siddhartha. However, the second part proved to be quite a bit more challenging than the first. Hesse took time off from writing Siddhartha and began to study Lao Tse which was described as "the liberating experience that permitted him to finish the book" (102). For the second part he wrote about his experiences in the world around him. He described things that he had witnessed and experienced while living in the big city. Both of those parts came to him easily because they were things he had seen and experien ced for himself.

History Exam Questions Essay

1. Where and why did Spain establish colonies in North America, and how did native peoples resist colonization? Spain established colonies in Central America, the Caribbean islands, and Mexico to increase their wealth and power. The native people resisted colonization by trying to fight back. 2. How did the Chesapeake colonies support the aims of British mercantilism? The Chesapeake colonies supported British mercantilism with their tobacco crops and the Bay’s rich fisheries. These served as highly valuable to Britain. 3. Why did slavery replace servitude as the dominant labor system in Virginia and Maryland? Through most of the 17th century, the Black population was small. Sometime after 1680, buying a slave for their lifetime was a greater investment than paying for an indentured servant. Lastly, the number of Africans bought by British dealers was up to 20,000 per year. Thus, this transition led slavery to replace servitude. 4. What caused the Beaver Wars and how did the French respond? The Beaver Wars was caused by a series of conflicts fought in 17th century in eastern North America. The French responded by participating in a war with them. 5. Who settled the earliest New England colonies, and why? The Puritans settled the earliest in New England colonies for religious freedom. 6. In what ways were the Mid-Atlantic colonies more diverse than the other colonies of the period? Mid-Atlantic colonies are more diverse because they have many different cultures living in that area. Moreover, diverse groups settled leaving a variety of religions or national origin. 7. Why did Spain establish colonies in Texas and California, and what role did missions play in anchoring the Spanish presence? The Spanish established colonies in Texas because they used it as a prevention of the French. The role it played was as a buffer. Spain settled in California as a last project in North America. 8. How did Louisiana differ from French Canada? 9. What kinds of divisions led to social tensions and conflicts in British North America? Divisions between different countries led to the social tensions. Many of their territories with divided. This later became known as the British North American Act. 10. How did African American culture evolve in the slave community, and what forms did resistance to captivity take? African American culture began to evolve when slaves with actually able to communicate with each other and when the female population went up and it made it possible for them to start families. Then, the combination of their elements of speech, religion and folk ways were developed. Resistance to captivity occurred in songs, key words, and many other creative ways. Identifications – All answers are worth 5 points. 11. With regards to agriculture, what does the term â€Å"monoculture† mean? Monoculture id the cultivation of a single crop (on a farm or area or country). 12. Define the term â€Å"celibate†. â€Å"Celibate† is a person who abstains from sexual relations. 13. Who was Pope’? John Pope was pope. 14. Give a good working definition of the practice of â€Å"mercantilism†. Mercantilism is economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism 15. What does the term â€Å"indentured servant† mean? An indentured servant is a person who bounds himself or herself to serve someone for a certain period of time in exchange for something else. 16. What does the term â€Å"racism† mean? Racism is hatred or intolerance of another race or other races and cultures 17. What did the term â€Å"Counter-Reformation† mean to the Roman Catholic Church? The Counter Reformation is a reformation counteracting a previous reformation. 18. What were the six tribes of the Iroquois League? The six tribes of the Iroquois were The Onondaga Nation, Oneida Nation, Seneca Nation, Tuscarora Nation, Mohawk Nation, and the Cayuga Nation. 19. As part of Calvinist theology, what does the term â€Å"predestination† mean? The term predestination was the question of the control God exercises over the world. 20. What is the principle of the â€Å"separation of Church and State†? The principle is to maintain a distance in relationship between organized religion and the Nation state. Who were the Quakers? They were a large group of immigrants that left England for freedom. 21. 22. Who was Metacom? Metacom was a Wampanoag chief who brought different American Indian groups together to fight against the English 23. What is an artisan? A artisan is a skilled trade worker, especially making things by hand. 24. Under slavery, what was the â€Å"task system†? A system used during slavery that allowed some slaves to work unsupervised as long as they complete the task within time. 25. What were â€Å"Maroon communities†? The Maroon communities were places a runaway slave could escape to. 26. What was the Enlightenment? A period during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries when European philosophers pondered aspects of education, law, social theory, superstition, and ignorance. What was the Great Awakening? A American religious movement that began in New England near the mid 1730’s. 27. 28. What did the English consider to be a â€Å"balanced constitution†? A balance of power would be considered a balanced constitution. 29. What was â€Å"benign or salutary neglect†? â€Å"Benign or salutary neglect is when the Americans realized that they did not have to follow English law. 30. What is â€Å"The Fandango†? The â€Å"Fandango† is a Spanish dance.

Citizens United V. Federal Election Comission

Resolved: On balance, the Supreme Court decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission harms the election process. My partner and I stand in firm negation of today’s resolution. If my partner and I uphold that the Citizens United decision does not directly harm our election process, then we win today’s round. Contention 1: Citizens United has negligible effect on public participation in elections. In fact, the decision actually supports voter turnout. Many would argue that a bombardment of ads and excessive spending discourage voters, but this is not the case.In fact, there aren’t any studies that back up this claim sufficiently. There are many studies however, that say that ads pique the interest of voters and encourage them to educate themselves about the candidates. The Journal of Politics reports that respondents in 2000 were as much as 10 percentage points more likely to vote if they watched much television (particularly daily news shows) in medi a markets that were bombarded with presidential ads. Exposure to the ads increased intentions to vote by 18 percentage points.Clearly, campaign ads are very helpful when it comes to voter turnout, and after the case, there was a major increase in the amount of ads aired during a campaign according to a Wesleyan study. We have seen a 40% increase in ads since 2008. In addition, the number of ads only increased by 10,000 from 2004-2008 compared to the 300,000 increase from 2008-2012. Allowing corporations to fund ads and Political Action Committees raises awareness for elections, and potentially increase voter turnout. Contention 2: The decision by the court actually prevents corruption.Matthew Melone, a professor from Depaul University, notes that, â€Å"To believe that corporate advocacy will distort the political process and lead to public lack of confidence in the system is to miss the point that influence will continue to be sought by other means. As long as elected officials of fer themselves up for sale there will be buyers. Even if one believes that corporate express advocacy will become a currency for influence peddling, it is less objectionable than other forms of currying political favors: at least corporate advocacy is transparent. Indeed, the type of fairly easily monitored campaign contributions that Citizens United has legalized are the most transparent, least corrupt way for corporations to exert their influence. As a result, according to the Sustainable Investment Institute, 84 percent of large corporations now acknowledge and report their campaign contribution (up from 78 percent before Citizens United). In short, corporations have been given a legitimate, non-corrupt means of contributing to political campaigns and they are taking that opportunity instead of relying on back-door deals and other illegal methods.In fact, transparency after Citizens United was increased. The New York Times says, â€Å"An often-overlooked part of the Citizens Uni ted decision actually upheld disclosure requirements, saying that ‘transparency enables the electorate to make informed decisions and give proper weight to different speakers and messages. ’ Lower courts have embraced the ruling, relying on Citizens United to reject challenges to disclosure laws, often in cases involving political spending related to social issues. † So Citizens United actually made it easier for courts to reject challenges to disclosure laws, and thus creates more transparency.The New York Times also said, â€Å"None of this means that existing disclosure laws are necessarily adequate. But if they are not, the fault lies with Congress and state legislatures, not the Supreme Court. † What many people fail to realize, is that these transparency issues we currently have were around long before the Citizens United decision. Citizens United is not to blame when it comes to corruption, because it actually helps keep corruption out of the electio n process. Contention 3: Our democratic approach in elections is upheld through the decision.The court decision also better upholds the democratic ideals our election process is based on. Our 1st amendment rights give us the freedom of speech. This right does not only apply to individuals, but corporations as well. This is supported by the Supreme Court in such cases as Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company which dictates that the term person, in the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment, applies to corporations as well as people. In addition, the Supreme Court also ruled in Buckley v.Valeo that money to influence elections is a form of constitutionally protected free speech. So BCRA denying corporations their constitutional rights to donate and spend on elections harms democracy, and goes against our election process. Further, government regulation would inhibit the flow of information from corporations. Justice Kennedy upheld in the decision that â€Å"b y definition, an independent expenditure is political speech presented to the electorate that is not coordinated with a candidate. † It is for the aforementioned reasons that my partner and I urge a con ballot. Thank you.

What Were the Short-Term Significances

What were the short-term significances of the Crimean War of 1854-1856 in terms of foreign policy? The Crimean War was a momentous event in the amendment of foreign policy. Several short-term significances stemmed from the war shaping Britain’s global position, alongside initiating a new aggressive policy led by Palmerston[1] and creating the ‘world power’ ideology. Faults in the military mismanagement, and the failure of Aberdeen’s government led to the realization of the need for reform.Depicted as having caused the army to â€Å"change more in those two years than in the previous two hundred,†[2] it is clear that the Crimea influenced a series of short-term significances in the successive twenty years. The change from Aberdeen’s[3] diplomatic government to Palmerston’s aggressive ministry resulted from growing patriotism in the Crimea. Aberdeen’s cautious attitude towards war was highlighting and became increasingly unpopular as it â€Å"lacked Palmerston’s ‘manly vigour†. [4] Aberdeen distaste for war was emphasised when he wrote to Peel[5] â€Å"war in order to preserve peace is entirely inapplicable to†¦ the Great Powers†. 6] His involvement in the Napoleonic Wars[7] influenced this attitude as he was less naive to war conditions than others. Sourced from a letter between Aberdeen and Peel, he was defending his anti-war stance. His belief that peace was not achieved in this way was supported by the Congress System which had held peace without war for 30years. Peel’s attitude differed, believing in â€Å"Bellum para, pacem habebis†, [8] – that peace was obtained through war preparation. Peel compared how equipped France[9] was making Aberdeen seem unprepared.Moreover, Aberdeen was blamed for issues raised in Russell’s[10] war reports such as the military mismanagement and unsanitary conditions[11]. This negative publicity influenced John Roebu ck[12] to enquire into the management of war. Public opinion contrasted Aberdeen’s approach which John Lowe described as a â€Å"conciliatory disposition to the point of whimpishness. †[13] Instead, they supported Palmerston’s â€Å"zealous defence of British interests. † Palmerston, unlike Aberdeen did not have the support Queen Victoria[14], and therefore gained support through co-operation with the public.Stuart confirmed his popularity saying, â€Å"Wherever I go†¦ one opinion has been pronounced in a single word –Palmerston. †[15] Said in the throes of war, it was a current, credible description and being a politician, Stuart was able to gauge public opinion on Palmerston so was competent to make judgements. However reliability is affected as Stuart was likely to show support towards the popular government at that time, in this case, Palmerston. The Crimean had highlighted flaws in Aberdeen’s hesitant diplomacy and brought t he significance of a new confrontational approach.Under Palmerston’s governance, Britain was presented with a stronger image than it ever had been under Aberdeen. ‘Gunboat diplomacy’[16] allowed him to create the illusion that Britain was the world power. Evidence of his aggressive ‘gunboat diplomacy’ was the Indian Mutiny [17] in which he forcefully suppressed mutinies to insure British power was not threatened. Palmerston’s illusion was further supported when the diplomatic situation in Europe was shaken by the collapse of the Congress of Vienna;[18] a consequence of the Crimean war.For British foreign policy, this was vastly significant because the suppression of Russian influence[19] in the region due to the Treaty of Paris[20] allowed Britain to temporarily become the dominant power on the continent, projecting their power and reinforcing Palmerston’s illusion. Media became a new phenomenon in the Crimea and Russell’s report ing effectively caused many alterations to foreign policy. As the first on-the-spot reporter, he exposed the true conditions of war to a naive country[21].Although, many aspects of foreign policy were in need of much change, the war reporting brought them to light, pushing them to happen quicker. A sketch from the unique perception of ‘Punch magazine’ highlights the lack of supplies the British military faced. Dialogue between two soldiers says; â€Å"Well Jack! Good news from home, we’re to have a medal†, â€Å"That’s very kind. Maybe one of these days we’ll have a coat to stick it on†. [22] Being a national magazine, Punch wanted to capture the attention of readers and does so by sarcastically highlighting the problems in the Crimea.The fact that it calls the soldiers, â€Å"patient heroes† suggests they are not placing blame on military officers for the lack of supplies but they are rather mocking the Government instead. The limitation however is that the motive was to sell as many copies of ‘Punch’ as possible, therefore dramatisation on elements occurred. The Times Newspaper exploited the poor conditions in order to shock the public gaining publicity. Russell reported, â€Å"there is not the least attention paid to decency or cleanliness. [23] On one hand, Russell had a first-hand account of the war and gained excess to information that was unavailable to others and written at the time of war it viable and current. But there is debate as to how truthful these reports were. Prince Albert, who took an interest in foreign policy, said that â€Å"the pen and ink of one miserable scribbler is despoiling the country. † Proof of this ‘despoil’ was the collapse of Aberdeen’s government who were exposed as weak through the media. By reporting such in-depth details about the military, Russell took the risk of revealing information about the military that could be useful to the enemy.Russell’s agenda was to sell newspapers and make himself as well-known as possible, and reporting the negative conditions of war was much more likely to cause a public uproar that any positive news, therefore it is not unlikely that he emphasised his reports in order to gain more publicity. The high impact of war reporting is discussed by Chamberlain; â€Å"there was no censorship (no country made this mistake in any future),†[24] thus proving the high impact and influence the media had back home and in the government. The role of women had huge significances in the Crimea, socially, medically and in foreign policy.Florence Nightingale[25] imprinted her name throughout history through her determination to reform the British military health-care. When Nightingale along with 38 other nurses[26] arrived at Scutari [27] they were met by â€Å"patients grimed with dirt, [and] infested with vermin. †[28] The account of her personal experience validates th e atrocious conditions. However, written towards the end of war Nightingale may have over-emphasised the severity of these conditions so that people saw her as the saviour and driving force behind the improvements.Nightingale made a considerable difference to the military conditions, producing ‘Coxcombes’[29] as a way of displaying her improvements. Statistically they showed that in the first 4 months of fighting 1,619 soldiers died of wounds against 16,273 whom died of disease, but under her service, the death rate reduced from 42% to 2%. Her work at Scutari became highly recognised and medical reports from the time described it as â€Å"extremely valuable. † [30] However, there is a limit as to how truthful her coxcombs were as it has been suggested that she dramatised the improvements in order to promote herself.Being a female of the Victoria era meant that people thought she would not be capable of making a significant difference in war as it was not the job of a woman. Therefore Nightingale would have felt the need to put emphasis on her work to get noticed. Part of the reason in which Nightingale became so well-known was due to her connection with war correspondent – Russell. The two worked together to benefit their own agendas; Nightingale gained publicity for her work and Russell benefitted from selling Nightingale’s stories in newspapers across the country.Mary Seacole was another influential woman of the Crimea, who perhaps had a more modest agenda. Seacole stepped forward determined to offer her services after Russell made his passionate plea [31] asking for â€Å"devoted women†¦ willing to go forth to minister to the sick and suffering soldiers of the East in the hospitals of Scutari? † Yet Nightingale refused to work alongside Seacole due to her ethnicity, as her â€Å"blood flowed beneath a somewhat duskier skin than theirs. [32] Taken from Seacole’s biography published the year after the Crim ea, it showed the bitterness towards Nightingale and was written to illustrate to people the prejudice she faced. Seacole funded her own trip to the Crimea, setting up a shop on the front line to cover the expenses. [33] Iveson argued that Seacole played a more significant role in the Crimea than Nightingale; â€Å"In many ways she stands head and shoulders above Nightingale, for whereas Florence performed only an administrative role, Seacole was in the thick of things and did not hesitate to go to the battlefield itself. [34] This weighs up the work of both nurses and concludes that Seacole was in fact the more important of the two, despite Nightingale being more recognised. He praises her self-funding and determination to put herself on the battlefield. Overall, both Seacole’s and Nightingale’s role in the Crimea resulted in significant improvements to the nursing profession, which from that point on began to gain respect and importance. In terms of foreign policy, it brought a new era of nursing into the military. More medical care was developed including the first hospital train.It was realised that strong medical supply corps would result in a stronger, more effective army so British foreign policy learned from this mistake in future events. Military reforms also developed as a significance of the Crimea. Army organisation had become outdated and remained much the same since the Napoleonic wars. Soldiers were untrained and inexperienced. The incompetence of the military was highlighted at its peak in the ‘Charge of the Light Brigade’. [35] Lucan[36] said they were given the command, â€Å"there is your enemy and there are your guns,† showing there was little preparation or strategic plans.However, Lucan said this in the House of Lords whilst he was defending himself in the enquiry and therefore the reliability of his statement must be questioned. He may have exaggerated the command in order to take blame off of himself. Nevertheless, the chaos of the event was reinforced by Lord Cardigan who described the true extent of the chaos; â€Å"we were encircled by a blaze of fire†¦artillery poured upon our rear, so that we had a strong fire upon our front, our flank, and our rear. †[37] The Charge of Light Brigade showed the extent at which the army had become outdated and the desperate need for reform.The Cardwell reforms[38] were influenced as a result of the Crimea. This was significant because thanks to both the military and medical reforms it created a stronger British army. Overall, the Crimea War was of huge significance on British foreign policy, mainly due to the creation of an attitude of a ‘world power’ and a policy of isolation. The role of the media played the most significant role by highlighting flaws in all aspects of foreign policy and creating a sense of patriotism within the public who then pushed for changes.By highlighting Aberdeen’s diplomatic policy a nd anti-war attitude, the media brought the collapse of his government. This led to the most significant change – the appointment of Palmerston, who brought the new aggressive ‘gunboat diplomacy’. This changed British mind-set by making Britain seem more dominant on the continent. Additional turning points added to the feeling of a ‘world power’. Without the media, the nation would not have been made aware of the problematic military system and poor medical supply.This exposure therefore awakened military reforms and the realisation of the need for a strong medical supply corps. This then subsequently allowed Britain a stronger army giving them a greater control and standing in the European diplomatic situation. In conclusion, the media explosion was the main significance of the Crimea War and helped secure Britain’s superior position in Europe. Word Count 1920 ———————– Word count 431 [1] Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, British prime minister between 1855-1858 and 1859-1865. [2] See appendix 1 3] George Hamilton-Gordon, Earl of Aberdeen, Prime Minister 1852-1855. He favored a foreign policy of diplomacy. [4] Quote from historian John Lowe ‘Britain and Foreign Affairs 1815-1885’ [5] Sir Robert Peel, British Prime Minister 1841-1846. [6] See Appendix 2 [7] Napoleonic wars – 1799 – 1815 [8] The belief that you must prepare for war to maintain peace. See Appendix 13 [9] France had spent 20 million on fortifying Paris ad introduced 350,000 troops. [10] William Howard Russell – the war correspondent for The Times newspaper during the Crimea. 11] Extreme conditions of war were revealed to the public for the first time during the Crimea. Since Aberdeen was Prime Minister at the time he was associated with these poor conditions. [12] John Roebeck was an MP – In Jan 1855 he enquired into situation in Crimea resulting in res ignation of Aberdeen. It gained 305 votes in favour against only 148 votes in opposition. Aberdeen saw this as a vote of no confidence [13] See appendix 3 [14] Queen Victoria supported Aberdeen. She asked numerous other politicians to take Aberdeen’s place after his resignation before she finally succumbed to Palmerston. 15] See Appendix 4 Word Count 980 [16] Palmerston had the policy of ‘gunboat diplomacy’ in which he dealt with foreign affairs in an aggressive and confrontational manner. [17] Indian mutiny of 1857 [18] The Congress of Vienna in 1815 between Britain, Russia, Austria Prussia and later France, had maintained peace for nearly 30 years. [19] The suppression of Russian power and influence happened after they lost in the war. Significant because the balance of power had previously been tipped in Russia’s favour. 20] The Treaty of Paris, signed on March 30th 1856, largely stopped Russia’s influence in the region as the Black Sea was made neutral territory. Russia also lost some of the territory it had held in the west and it’ influence in the Ottoman Empire. [21] Thanks to improving communications, Russell’s reports could be published across the whole country quicker than before. The use of telegram got information to Britain within 3 weeks. (with newly built railways and mechanized steam pressers for printing). [22] See appendix 5 [23] See appendix 6 24] See appendix 7 [25] A nurse who came to be well known due to her work in the Crimean War. [26] Arrived 4th November 1854 Word Count 1614 [27] Scutari – a hospital in Turkey in which Nightingale nursed British soldiers. [28] Nightingale wrote this on April 17th 1856. [29] Coxcombs were like pie charts. See appendix 8 [30] See appendix 9 [31] See Appendix 10 – His passionate plea to get women to help [32] Quote from Mary Seacole. See appendix 11 [33] Seacole set up a shop on the front line to sell food and cigarettes to soldiers.The money she gained from the shop she then spent on medical treatment for the soldiers. [34] See appendix 12 [35] At the Battle of Balaclava October 1854. Huge miscommunication between Lord Raglan and the soldiers which resulted in chaos. [36] Lucan, Lieutenant General, involved in the Charge of the Light Brigade. [37] Speech from Lord Cardigan later at the Mansion House in London See appendix 13 [38] Cardwell reforms: Edward Cardwell – Secutary of State for War – introduced reforms to improve army.

Development Finance and Funding (Real Estate Development) Essay

Development Finance and Funding (Real Estate Development) - Essay Example This number of floors can however be reduced or increased depending on the size and type of foundation which is an intended building shall have. The wider a foundation is, the more the number of floors which can be accommodated. All buildings in the area must be fitted with all social amenities and rates for facilitating those services must be remitted appropriately when needed. Before any building is constructed in this area it is recommended that an environmental impact assessment report be submitted to ensure that any expected or perceived environmental concerns are addressed on time. It is therefore important for all contacts of relevant authorities be established and consulted before any transaction in regard to the land and intended purpose can be approved. This report must accompany any other application which shall be made regarding the land. This 2.5 acre piece of land is located in a prime region where so much residential housing development is extensive and complex. As such its cost is relatively very high compared to other regions within the town. It might be very difficult to purchase the land using the present resources of the company. The terms of sale of the land will be effectively evaluated and measures taken to ensure all the money are available. There are several options the company has including buying the land, develop it or sell it as shall appear appropriate depending on the capacity of the company to manage increased responsibilities which shall come as a result of expanding the company. The rate at which land appreciates is the main motivation behind the decision to buy this land. This is an investment which shall never be regretted. The decision as to what the land shall be put into will depend on several reasons as shall be agreed during deliberations from the relevant committees of the company. As at now the focus is on purchasing the land with the assurance that even without any development